In animal models, PYY release was blocked by atropine, a nicotinic ganglionic blocker (Lin and Taylor, 2004), while intravenous administration of bethanechol (a muscarinic cholinergic agonist) stimulated PYY release (Dumoulin et al., 2003) and in the ARC
Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences , 29(4), 938942
Treatment options may range from conservative measures to pharmacological interventions based on the underlying etiology of the cramps
Another recently published review (Wu et al., BMC Medicine, 2025 ) looked at a range of studies on this subject to provide an overview of what happens when these medications are stopped

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This allows us to catch issues before they become symptoms