Microbial metabolites such as butyrate, for instance, have shown to be potent regulators of zonulin and the intestinal barrier and appear to be essential mediators between microbial dysbiosis and barrier function
Gutop EO, Linkova NS, Kozhevnikova EO, Fridman NV, Ivko OM, Khavinson VKh
Mol Biol Cell , 24: 21602170, 2013
Its role in research is exploratory and focused on mechanistic understanding, rather than producing therapeutic outcomes
Hu Y, Gaillard PJ, de Lange ECM, Hammarlund-Udenaes M
Investigators commonly use 10 nM to 10 M concentrations in fibroblast, keratinocyte, and dermal-papilla cultures