In metabolic regulation, Scrophularia -containing formulations (e.g., Clean-DM1) activate IRS/PI3K/AKT and AMPK signaling pathways, thereby improving insulin resistance and correcting glucose-lipid metabolic dysfunction (138)
Lai ZW, Hanczko R, Bonilla E, et al
Once prepared, it is administered subcutaneously (under the skin) using a fine insulin syringe
Srivastava SK et al
These therapies are especially helpful when used alongside testosterone replacement therapy and GLP-1 medications like semaglutide (Ozempic) or tirzepatide (Zepbound), where supporting muscle, hydration, and nutrient status becomes even more important
High-dose cisplatin induces significant renal and hepatic injury