Gastrointestinal side effects such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea can lead to fluid losses, while decreased appetite may reduce overall fluid intake
Applying firm pressure for 1020 seconds after injecting and warming the medication to room temperature for 1530 minutes before use can also help reduce the likelihood of bruising
Weighted and unweighted descriptive statistics were reported for all covariates
Last reviewed: July 12, 2026 Last updated: July 12, 2026 Written by: Jay Hastings, CEO of PlexusDx Jay Hastings is the CEO of PlexusDx, a precision health company focused on genetic testing, blood biomarker insights, and personalized wellness recommendations
Wedzicha JA, Calverley PMA, Albert RK, et al
Despite this, both deliberate and inadvertent use of these drugs is increasing, which has led to fetal exposure to these drugs in early pregnancy