Lipoic acid (100 M), a potent natural antioxidant, was used as a positive control for Nrf2 activation in skin cells [34]
Eric Topol, MD, this is a fabulous review and thanks for bringing this others attention
doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1183530 233 WangQZhouYZhengNJiangFJuanC
In a randomized clinical trial involving older adults, GlyNAC supplementation improved glutathione status while also improving markers of oxidative stress, inflammation, mitochondrial function, muscle strength, and walking speed.57 58 Additional studies have reported improvements in several other measures associated with healthy aging, though the overall body of evidence remains relatively small compared with more established uses of NAC.34 Pure Encapsulations delivers 1,800mg each of NAC and glycine per serving, making it one of the highest-dosed products in this guide
The total amount of medication absorbed is the same regardless of injection site
"Endocrinology: An Integrated Approach"