Critically, it is bacteriostatic rather than bactericidal: it suppresses proliferation of organisms introduced at the septum during needle entry, it does not sterilise a solution that is already contaminated
The anti-inflammatory component is particularly relevant for acne scar patients because many have some ongoing inflammatory activity in the scar tissue
, 2-5 , - Kaspi
In the body, hydroxocobalamin is converted to the active form of vitamin B12, methylcobalamin
This means that while our bodies can produce it under normal conditions, certain circumstancessuch as intense physical stress, injury, or illnessmay necessitate additional intake
However, individuals seeking more intensive support, such as for chronic fatigue, immune system support, or recovery from illness, may benefit from more frequent sessions