Any dysfunction in this chain of events caused by lack of cofactors or mitochondrial dysfunction would lead to reduced ATP formation and increased ROS, Ca 2+ and long chain fatty acid acyls and acylcarnitine buildup
More research is needed before alpha-lipoic acid can be recommended for treatment
These are manageable with dose titration, but they drive roughly half of early discontinuations
One large 2019 study tells a different story
LeBel CP, Ali SF, McKee M, Bondy SC (1990) Organometal-induced increases in oxygen reactive species: the potential of 2,7-dichlorofluorescin diacetate as an index of neurotoxic damage
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