GLP-1RAs inhibit RGC apoptosis in glaucoma through GABAergic signaling, but their role in AMD, characterized by oxidative stress and choroidal neovascularization, needs further investigation ( The latest diabetic retinopathy preferred practice guidelines from the American Academy of Ophthalmology indicate that the rising use of GLP-1RAs may lead to quick glycemic control and severe hypoglycemia and has been reported to cause higher rates of retinopathy complications, especially in patients with early-stage DR ( 4.2 Delivery optimization Systemic administration of GLP-1RAs reduces their availability in the retina and can lead to off-target effects, particularly gastrointestinal issues
10.1016/j.neulet.2008.10.026 Neurosci
The brokerage estimates Indias weight-loss market at about $500 million, which could rise to $1 billion with the right pricing, adoption and government incentives. Demand for these weight-loss drugs is also high as Indias 1.4-billion-plus population faces a higher burden of diabetes and cardiovascular ailments, largely due to increasingly sedentary urban lifestyles
S2CID 11465789
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Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and constipation occur frequently with both formulations, typically emerging during dose escalation and often diminishing over time as patients develop tolerance