cruzi epimastigotes exhibited apoptosis-like phenotype in presence of fresh human serum (Kosec et al., 2006)
nevertheless, their use is contentious owing to the possibility of hastening cartilage degeneration [14]
3) Mechanical stress: excessive mechanical stress can induce ferroptosis in chondrocytes by disrupting iron homeostasis and increasing oxidative stress
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Specifically, the combination of MCT4 inhibition with ferroptosis inducers not only depletes lactate accumulation but also enhances CD8+ T cell infiltration and ferroptosis-driven ICD, thereby synergistically improving checkpoint blockade efficacy (111)