This article reviews the relationship between gut microbe-dependent TMAO and AS from the perspective of the mechanism including inflammation, inflammation-related immunity, cholesterol metabolism, and atherothrombosis, and its potential for clinical prognostic and as therapeutic target
Aldose reductase inhibition suppresses oxidative stress-induced inflammatory disorders
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Fernando Fandio-Sende is a double board-certified physician specializing in weight loss and wellness at Dr Sende Wellness in Miami
and led to significant shrinkage of atherosclerotic plaque in the carotid arteries
Notably, SGLT2 inhibitors improve anemia [87,88] and hyperkalemia [89,90], both prevalent complications in CKD and HF