doi: 10.1038/labinvest.3700102 48
Liposomal glutathione (phosphatidyl choline, palmitic acid, oleic acid), n-acetyl l-carnitine, alpha lipoic acid, resveratrol (from Japanese knotweed extract), ginkgo biloba extract, rosemary leaf extract, silicon dioxide, magnesium stearate, plant cellulose (capsule shell)
This can help lighten hyperpigmentation, fade dark spots, and create a more even, radiant complexion
Abbreviations CVOTs: Cardiovascular outcome trials DPP-4 inhibitors: Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors GLP-1RA: Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists SGLT-2 inhibitors: Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors MACE: Major cardiovascular events RR: Risk ratio HHF: Hospitalization for heart failure References IDF Diabetes Atlas 2021 10th edition
Limited human self-experiments note mild injection-site discomfort, brief headaches, and occasional nausea
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