Its protonated epsilon-amino group carries positive charge that affects solubility, chromatographic retention and interaction with polyanionic matrix components, and in a physiological setting the lysine face is implicated in ternary complex formation with serum albumin, which has its own high-affinity N-terminal copper site
However, many current studies are primarily focused on improving the pharmacodynamic and pharmacokinetic properties of copper, while data on copper-induced dermal toxicity remain limited
References [1] Sigalos, J.T., & Pastuszak, A.W
[13] If you experience any suspected side effects from a B12 supplement or medicine, you can report this via the MHRA Yellow Card Scheme (yellowcard.mhra.gov.uk)
WHO Technical Report Series
Pre-blends are easier to draw and inject, but you cannot raise one compound without raising the other