The mechanisms by which TMAO raises CV risk and accelerates atherosclerosis are not well understood, but studies have shown that TMAO arising from both choline and L-carnitine supplementation in mice may inhibit reverse cholesterol transport 35 and enhance foam cell formation in both arterial and peritoneal cavity 47
This triggers protein kinase A-mediated phosphorylation of CREB and the transcription factor Pit-1, which drives both growth hormone gene expression and vesicular GH release
L-Carnitine is a fantastic supplement to take to boost your bodys energy levels and metabolism
Yu JY, Lin YH, Zhou FH, Liu HQ, Deng GH, Cheng SB, et al
doi: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104642, 3 AronneL
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