From God knows where. Gray-market pharmacies sell knockoff versions of established peptides like semaglutide (Ozempic) as well as experimental compounds, often marketed under the disclaimer for research purposes only. Patients can buy them directly from websites or through messaging apps like WhatsApp, despite little legitimate research supporting many of the products and virtually no regulatory oversight
Studies in GHD patients receiving hGH therapy report [15]: Improved quality of life 2-5% increase in lean muscle mass 7-10% lower fat mass and a -1.2inch mean decrease in waist circumference 11-16% lower LDL (bad) cholesterol Yet, the benefits of hGH therapy in otherwise healthy individuals appear to be more modest
GLP-1 medications typically fall into Tier 3 or Specialty categories with copays ranging $50$500+ per month depending on plan design
If you can, get bloodwork done (blood sugar and cholesterol levels)
After all the positives weve covered, its time for the pendulum to swing a little bit the other way
However, the above-mentioned increase in pro-inflammatory cytokine and chemokine RNA expression was significantly suppressed in the Si-DSS group (Fig