(2019) The metabolic face of migraine from pathophysiology to treatment
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Endogenous non-enzymatic antioxidants in the human body
Sirtuins, particularly SIRT1 and SIRT3, protect cells from oxidative stress by increasing the activity of antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase 2 (SOD2) and CAT (127, 131, 132)
Additionally, this compound is associated with supporting lean body composition by reducing fat accumulation while maintaining muscle mass
Individuals most likely to benefit include: Those with pernicious anemia People with gastrointestinal disorders (e.g., Crohns disease, celiac disease, chronic gastritis) Patients following bariatric (weight loss) surgery Older adults with absorption difficulties Strict vegetarians or vegans at risk for deficiency People taking medications that can decrease vitamin B12 levels Laboratory testing usually confirms B12 deficiency before starting injections