These limitations reduce confidence in the pooled estimates
Relying solely on supplements may mean missing out on additional nutrients naturally found in fiber-rich foods, including vitamin C, B vitamins, plant-based omega-3 fats, and antioxidants, says Brittany Brown, RD, who is based in Nova Scotia, Canada
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Consider a multivitamin if you arent taking one and dont have a diverse, whole-food centric diet
When to speak to your GP Contact your GP, nephrologist, or prescriber if you experience: Reduced urine output or dark-coloured urine, which could suggest dehydration Persistent nausea or vomiting that prevents you from keeping fluids down Swelling in your ankles, legs, or around your eyes (could indicate worsening fluid retention) Significant or rapid changes in blood pressure Muscle cramps, weakness, or irregular heartbeat (possible signs of electrolyte imbalance) Unexplained fatigue thats worse than your usual CKD-related tiredness Blood in your urine Feelings of anxiety, low mood, or being overwhelmed by managing your condition If youre unable to keep any fluids down for more than 24 hours, seek urgent medical advice