18 GST can induce cellular apoptosis in the setting of cellular stress by activating MAPK, MKK4, downstream JNK-signal components, and p38 kinase
GLP-1 has multiple beneficial effects in cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, myocardial ischemia, atherosclerosis, and heart failure
According to the National Institutes of Health, carnitine interacts with pivalate-conjugated antibiotics such as pivampicillin which are used in the treatment of urinary tract infections
Free radicals can come from the sun, pollution, or smoking
doi: 10.3389/fnut.2025.1686777 Received 15 August 2025 Revised 15 November 2025 Accepted 28 November 2025 Published 12 January 2026 Volume 12 - 2025 Edited by Andrea Orellana-Manzano, Escuela Superior Politcnica del Litoral (ESPOL), Ecuador Reviewed by Paulina Cerda Opazo, Autonomous University of Chile, Chile Aliakbar Fazaeli, Ardabil University of Medical Sciences, Iran Updates Copyright 2026 Garutti, de Scordilli, Alberti, Mazzeo, Michelotti, Fagioli, Del Conte, Casirati, Caccialanza, Bartolini and Puglisi
It is found throughout living organisms