The activation of cAMP-PKA signaling in gut IELs can inhibit the phosphorylation of Zeta-chain-associated protein kinase-70 (ZAP-70), stopping the signal from TCR, resulting in the inhibition of the immunological response of T cells (Wong et al., 2022
Brain slice studies have shown that exendin-4 can increase the firing rates of DMH neurons, enhancing the neurons sensitivity to a high-fat diet (HFD) compared to a control diet [72]
This energy sink starves the brain, muscles, and autonomic nervous system of the fuel they need to function normally
For example, a protocol requiring 100 mcg doses is easier to measure with a higher concentration (less volume per dose)
caution with pancreatitis history
doi: 10.1038/s41591-024-03038-y 215 WangL.WangY.XuH.LiW