Pull back the plunger just a little to make sure you have not hit a blood vessel
Oral Supplements: Absorption varies widely due to digestive factors
Track progress through multiple metrics: scale weight (understanding water fluctuations affect this), body measurements at consistent points, progress photos in consistent lighting and posture, and subjective assessments of how clothing fits
For hair specifically, the Pyo 2007 study (PMID 17703734) described a more defined mechanism: in cultured human dermal papilla cells, AHK-Cu increased proliferation, raised vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), lowered transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1), and shifted apoptosis markers toward cell survival
A board-certified OB/GYN and Fellow of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, she completed her Bachelor of Science in Nutrition at Cornell University, her MD at Wayne State University School of Medicine, and her residency in Obstetrics and Gynecology at Albert Einstein College of Medicine
Yes, when administered by a trained professional