Inflammatory processes were found to be a key mechanism in dysmenorrhea (75)
Endothelial function improvement occurs with both ingredients, though through different time courses and mechanisms
Amano A, Nakagawa I, Yoshimori T (2006) Autophagy in innate immunity against intracellular bacteria
Vesela E, Racek J, Trefil L, Jankovych V, Pojer M
Each method has its own set of advantages, but injections are considered to be much more beneficial for a variety of reasons
Additional oral supplementation with polypodium leucotomos extract (PLE) at 480 mg twice daily can be helpful (anecdotal evidence, unpublished)